Abstract: Modern communication demands antennas with ultra-wide bandwidth, high peak gain, and compact size for enhanced performance across a broad frequency spectrum. This study presents a novel 2x2 ...

We are providing an unedited version of this manuscript to give early access to its findings. Before final publication, the manuscript will undergo further editing. Please note there may be errors ...

Abstract: With advances in high-resolution sensor technology, 3-D multiextended target tracking (METT) has recently gained increasing attention in both civilian and military fields. To track 3-D ...